Unit 4 .Nationalism-Mohamed Ali Jinnah of Pakistan

Timeline of Gandhi's life

		Timeline of Gandhi's Life 1869 Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi born in Porbandar in Gujarat. 1893 Gandhi leaves for Johannesburg for practicing law and is thrown out of a first class bogie because he is colored. 1906 Mohandas K. Gandhi, 37, speaks at a mass meeting in the Empire Theater, Johannesburg on September 11 and launches a campaign of nonviolent resistance (satyagraha) to protest discrimination against Indians. The British Government had just invalidated the Indian Marriage. 1913 Mohandas Gandhi in Transvaal, South Africa leads 2,500 Indians into the in defiance of a law, they are violently arrested, Gandhi refuses to pay a fine, he is jailed, his supporters demonstrate. On November 25, and Natal police fire into the crowd, killing two, injuring 20. 1914 Mohandas Gandhi returns to India at age 45 after 21 years of practicing law in South Africa where he organized a campaign of “passive resistance” to protest his mistreatment by whites for his defense of Asian immigrants. He attracts wide attention in India by conducting a fast --the first of 14 that he will stage as political demonstrations and that will inaugurate the idea of the political fasting. 1930 A civil disobedience campaign against the British in India begins March 12. The All-India Trade Congress has empowered Gandhi to begin the demonstrations (see 1914). Called Mahatma for the past decade, Gandhi leads a 165-mile march to the Gujarat coast of the Arabian Sea and produces salt by evaporation of sea water in violation of the law as a gesture of defiance against the British monopoly in salt production 1932 Gandhi begins a "fast unto death" to protest the British government's treatment of India's lowest caste "untouchables" whom Gandhi calls Harijans -- "God's children." Gandhi's campaign of civil disobedience has brought rioting and has landed him in prison, but he persists in his demands for social reform, he urges a new boycott of British goods, and after 6 days of fasting obtains a pact that improves the status of the "untouchables" (Dalits) 1947 India becomes free from 200 years of British Rule. A major victory for Gandhian principles and non-violence in general. 1948 Gandhi is assassinated by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu fanatic at a prayer meeting

Nationalism in South Asia

Timeline of India's Freedom Struggle
		Tryst With Destiny: The Events The Early Europeans The East India Company 1498 Vasco-da-gama arrives in India 1799 British defeat Tippu Sultan 1600 East India Company is formed 1805 Anglo-Maratha War 1748 Anglo-French War in India 1846 Anglo-Sikh War- Sikhs Defeated 1757 Battle of Plassey 1857 First Indian War of Independence Indian National Congress 1885 Indian National Congress is formed by Allen Octavian Hume 1930 The Dandi Salt March, The Simon Commission, First Round Table Conference 1915 Home Rule League is founded by Annie Besant 1931 Second Round Table Conference, Gandhi-Irvin Pact 1919 Khilafat Movement, Jalianwala Bagh Massacre, The Rowlat Act 1937 Provincial Autonomy Begins with Congress winning power in many states. WWII breaks out and political deadlock in India 1921 Rise of Gandhi and his Civil Disobedience Movement 1942 The Quit India Movement, Rise of Subhas Chandra Bose 1922 Gandhi Suspends movement after the Chauri-Chura violence 1946 INA men tried. Muslim League Adamant about Pakistan 1928 Murder of Lala Lajpat Rai and subsequent revolutionary activities 1947 India is Partitioned. British Leave India - Freedom at Midnight.